free software

  • Tor network used to hide botnets and darknets

    According to IT security vendors Kaspersky Lab, the Tor anonymity network is under threat of being swamped by criminals abusing the anonymity it provides for hiding zombie networks, malicious command and control servers and ‘darknets’, Le Monde Informatique reports.

    How to works diagram

    Tor – otherwise known as The Onion Router – has always had its dark side, but last year the network’s use by criminals seems to have grown appreciably. According to researcher Sergey Lozhkin, “Kaspersky Lab had uncovered evidence of 900 services using Tor, equivalent to 5,500 nodes (server relays) and 1,000 exit nodes (servers from which traffic emerges) in total.”

    “It all started from the notorious Silk Road market and evolved into dozens of specialist markets: drugs, arms and, of course, malware.

    “Carding shops are firmly established in the Darknet. Stolen personal info is for sale with a wide variety of search attributes like country, bank, etc. Offers for customers of this kind are not limited to credit cards. Dumps, skimmers and carding equipment are for sale too”, he added.

    “In addition, command and control (C&C) servers hosted by Tor are more difficult to flush out, blacklist or eliminate,” Lozhkin continued. “Although creating a Tor communication module within a malware sample means extra work for the malware developers. We expect there will be a rise in new Tor-based malware, as well as Tor support for existing malware.”

    Experts from Kaspersky Lab have so far found Zeus with Tor capabilities and then detected ChewBacca and finally analysed the first Tor Trojan for Android.

  • Addio XP

    It’s not just the Bristol & Bath Linux User Group (LUG) that’s organising an event to mark the end support for Microsoft’s superannuated Windows XP operating system (posts passim).

    In Italy a consortium of the Perugia GNU/Linux User Group, LibreUmbria, the Perugia Centro di Competenza Open Source and Girl Geek Life is also organising a half-day event to inform people that they don’t need to buy a new computer to have a modern, secure operating system again; all that’s needed is a change to a free and open source Linux operating system and its vast range of software.

    publicity for Perugia GNU/LUG's XP event
    Addio XP, ciao software libero!

    The Perugia event takes place at Perugia University on Saturday, 5th April 2014 from 9.00 am to 1.00 pm. Full details can be found at http://xpaddio.perugiagnulug.org/.

    Windows XP Zombie Edition
    Install Linux: don’t end up with an operating system that should died years ago!

    Support for XP (and MS Office 2003 too. Ed.) ends on 8th April 2014.

  • Upgrading Debian from stable to testing

    Debian logoI’ve been using Debian GNU/Linux for many years and have been very pleased with its stability, reliability and security.

    Yesterday I decided to do something I’ve never done before: upgrade a production machine from Debian stable (codename ‘wheezy’) to Debian testing (codename ‘jessie’). See this guide for an explanation of Debian versions and releases.

    Anyway, after installing the apt-listbugs package which a Bristol Wireless colleague recommended, I then proceeded with the upgrade via the command line.

    The sequence of commands to perform the upgrade itself is very easy.

    # cp /etc/apt/sources.list{,.bak}
    # sed -i -e ‘s/ \(stable\|wheezy\)/ testing/ig’ /etc/apt/sources.list
    # apt-get update
    # apt-get –download-only dist-upgrade
    # apt-get dist-upgrade

    The first command backs up the software sources list, whilst the second edits the sources list to replace release versions. After that, the actual fun begins, downloading updated package information, downloading the packages themselves and then installing them.

    All told, it went very smoothly. The laptop rebooted normally after the upgrade and brought up the GUI. The only major problem was that I lost the functionality of the Broadcom wireless network card; this was resolved by reinstalling the card’s firmware – a 2 minute job. The upgrade also resulted in 2 packages being broken. The command (as root) for fixing this problem is apt-get -f install.

    In total, the upgrade took about 2 hours and I now have a machine running a more modern version of Debian on the same machine and have kept all my previous personal settings, which is a definite plus compared with a clean install where one has to spend hours reinstalling software packages not included in the ISO disc image and tweaking.

  • LibreUmbria taking free software into schools

    LibreUmbria free software in schools promotional flyerThe first of three free seminars organised by LibreUmbria – the organisation promoting free and open source software in Italy’s Umbria region – aimed at parents and teachers is being organised at the Giovanni Cena primary school in Perugia at 3.30 pm on Monday 10th March, the LibreUmbria blog reports.

    For some months the LibreUmbria working group has been making contact with a number of Umbrian schools in order to take free software into classrooms. They wish to start with primary schools where it is easy to raise children on open source (and there’s some great free and open source education software available at primary level. Ed). LibreUmbria’s wave of training is being heralded in with the arrival of spring thanks to collaboration with Perugia’s Terzo Circolo Didattico, which helped get this LibreUmbria experiment off the ground.

    The LibreUmbria@Scuola programme will include three seminars on the subjects of awareness, freedom and security. Each word will address one aspect of new technology and open up a debate with attendees.

    The seminars will be followed by two courses on the LibreOffice productivity suite in multimedia classrooms: one aimed at parents and another at teachers, who will in turn act as mentors and recommend them to colleagues and then to children in accordance with the cascade training approach.

    Just to emphasize the need for a digital culture that generates awareness, the title of the events being arranged by LibreUmbria is “Digital natives do not exist”. That awareness is currently lacking and there are as yet no “natives”.

  • Canaries save money with open source

    Canary Islands coat of armsCanary Islands news site La Provincia reports that the autonomous government of the Canaries is saving €400,000 per year by backing the use of free and open source operating systems and software and avoiding paying licences to multinational companies for the use of programs and their updates. Apparently the autonomous government annual IT costs have reduced from €1,006,500 to €750,000. Roberto Moreno, the general director for telecommunications and new technologies explains that the migration from proprietary to free and open source software means the government is ridding itself of dependency on one vendor because, in this case “the owner is the one who buys it and can make the changes and modifications needed with his own resources and personnel, which is always much cheaper” than being beholden to an outside company.

    Moreno, who is a professor of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence at the University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), states that the objective is shown by the current legislature’s wishes to introduce these changes to reduce expenditure, given the current economic crisis and the lack of funds in the region’s coffers.

    The next step planned by the Canaries government is to replace the ubiquitous MS Office suite currently used with a free and open source alternative, which is most likely to be Apache OpenOffice. That change will involve some 30,000 desktops and will save the public purse a fair few euros more.

  • Romania’s Ministry of Education endorses open source

    Romania coat of armsJust a few days after it was reported that scores of donated Linux laptops were languishing unused in Romania’s schools (posts passim), the country’s Ministry of Education is urging the schools to consider switching to free and open source operating systems and software, according to Joinup, the EU’s public sector open source news website. The Ministry confirmed this will help the schools to avoid legal problems from using unlicensed proprietary software.

    The new policy follows the expiry of an agreement between the Ministry and Microsoft. The Ministry is now urging schools to switch to open source alternatives, revert to earlier versions or buy new licences.

    The Ministry itself is no stranger to free and open source, using Linux and the Nginx web server. Furthermore, it has also published a recommended list (PDF, Romanian) of free and open source software for use in schools, which includes Edubuntu, the educational remix of Ubuntu Linux, desktop applications based on the Gnome window manager and other free and open source favourites, such as the LibreOffice productivity suite, Gimp graphics package and Scribus desktop publishing software.

  • Breathe new life into your old XP box with Linux Live

    image of Tux, the Linux kernel mascotMicrosoft announced some time ago that it will be ending support for Windows XP, now 12 years old, on 8th April 2014.

    The Bristol & Bath Linux Users’ Group (BBLUG) has seen this as an opportunity to introduce people still using XP to a reliable free and open source Linux operating system and has planned an event called “Linux Live 2014” to be held from 10.00 am to 4.00 pm on Saturday, 15th March 2014 – a couple of weeks before the official end of XP support – at the Pervasive Media Studio, Watershed, 1 Canons Rd, Bristol, BS1 5TX (map).

    Linux Live 2014 is part of a worldwide initiative to turn tired old computers running XP into efficient, well running ones running Linux. An old, tired computer can be given a whole new lease of life by installing a modern Linux operating system (Linux has lower system requirements than MS operating systems. Ed). BBLUG has decided to plan an event for people in Bristol and the surrounding area to inform them of the various uses and benefits of Linux.

    BBLUG’s Peter Hemmings says: “As Windows XP is not being supported from April 2014 we have decided to hold ‘Linux Live 2014’. It is a free workshop held by Linux user groups like ours where members get together to introduce new users to various distributions and give them a Live USB Stick to try on their hardware without interfering with other operating systems. Time permitting, it can be installed on hardware during the event or the Live USB Stick can be taken home to install. In holding an event such as this, we help extend the life of the hardware, saving people money in time of austerity. Simply bring your personal computer/laptop to the event and we will help you get Linux up and running on it, for free!”

    The BBLUG Linux Live 2014 event has its own website and is being sponsored LinuxIT of Emerson’s Green.

  • Can’t figure out Linux? Become a Romanian schoolteacher!

    Last year, Romanian supermarket chain Profi donated laptops running Edubuntu Linux to schools in that country. Quoting Romanian TV station Pro TV, Joinup, the EU’s public sector open source news website, now reports today that some of those schools are letting their donated laptops gather dust because the teachers don’t know how to use Linux. In at least one school the laptops are still in their boxes, whilst other schools have replaced Edubuntu and its bundled software with Windows and proprietary alternatives.

    About half of the 1,800 laptops donated to schools are still not being unused, according to Pro TV.

    Edubuntu log-in screen
    Edubuntu log-in screen

    Writing on its website, Pro TV states that only a few teachers know how to use Linux. When asked about the laptops gathering dust, one headteacher is reported to have said: “It is impossible for teachers to teach using two different programs.” Pro TV also quotes one IT specialist who stated that it would take just a few weeks to learn how to use the laptops. “It is easy and the great advantage is that it is free.”

    Romanian free and open source advocates are concerned upset about teachers’ poor IT skills. “I’ve been contacting the Linux groups across the country to get them to help the schools get started”, says Răzvan Sandu. “But it is possible that schools will hesitate to accept help from outsiders.”

  • Mozilla boss defends Firefox advertising plans

    Firefox logoIt was announced a few days ago that future versions of the open source Firefox browser could show advertising in freshly opened browser tabs (posts passim). To date these have shown up to nine thumbnails of frequently visited websites. However, on a newly installed browser these so-called ’tiles’ are blank and only fill up over time and with use. Heise writes that Mozilla Foundation boss Mitchell Baker has now justified the plans in a blog post.

    photo of Mozilla CEO Mitchell Baker
    Mozilla Foundation CEO Mitchell Baker
    In the past, Mozilla developers have always declined to display content with no previous user activity. Baker writes: ” This made sense at first when the web was so young. But over the years many people have come to expect and want their software to do things on their behalf, to take note of what one has done before and do something useful with it.”

    She continues: “So we look at the Tiles and wonder if we can do more for people. We think we can. I’ve heard some people say they still don’t want any content offered. They want their experience to be new, to be the same as it was the day they installed the browser, the same as anyone else might experience. I understand this view, and think it’s not the default most people are choosing. We think we can offer people useful content in the Tiles.”

    Baker promises that the advertisements shown in the tiles will definitely have no tracking functions. It’s ultimately a matter of gaining revenue for the Mozilla Foundation. The Foundation has so far survived mostly on funding from search engine companies like Google and other web companies. In 2012 these revenues amounted to more than $300 mn.

  • 2014 LibreOffice conference will be in Bern

    The Document Foundation’s blog has announced that the LibreOffice Conference 2014 will be held at the University of Bern in Switzerland from 3rd September to 5th September.

    It is being organised jointly by CH Open, the Swiss Open Systems User Group, and the Research Centre for Digital Sustainability of the Institute of Information Systems at the University of Bern.

    “Holding the LibreOffice Conference in the city of Bern will definitely improve the awareness of Open Source software in Switzerland, and hopefully trigger the migration process in public administrations which has already started in France, Germany and Italy”, say organising committee members Nicholas Christener and Matthias Stürmer.

    image of LibreOffice Mime type icons
    LibreOffice for all your office suite needs: word processing, spreadsheets, presentations, database, drawing and formulas

    Bern is the federal city of Switzerland (i.e. its de facto capital. Ed.) and the seat of the parliament, government and administration of the Swiss Confederation, the Canton of Bern and the City of Bern. Its old city district has been a UNESCO world heritage site since 1982.

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