Tech

  • DRIP: a drippy response from my MP

    image of Stephen Williams MP
    DRIP, DRIP, the erosion of civil liberties – voted for by Stephen Williams MP
    Earlier today I received a response to my email of earlier this week to Bristol West MP Stephen Williams (posts passim) on the repressive Data Retention and Investigatory Powers (DRIP) Bill, which was rushed through both Houses of Parliament in 3 days and received royal assent yesterday.

    Stephen Williams’ response is reproduced in full below.

    The only comments I will make on his email is that like the Home Office propaganda it persistently parrots, it is wholly unsatisfactory and inadequate as a response. It’s full of scarcely credible weasel words, as well as being well stuffed with Liberal Democrat self-promotion, which is never a pretty sight. Finally, I was flabbergasted by Williams’ definition of ’emergency legislation’.

    Data Retention and Investigatory Powers Bill

    Thank you for getting in touch with me to share your concerns about the Data Retention and Investigatory Powers (DRIP) Bill. Over the course of this email I would like to outline why I voted in favour of the legislation, along with the vast majority of MPs from all three main parties.

    First and foremost, this legislation is about retaining existing powers, not creating new ones. It also contains a significant number of new safeguards, thanks largely to Liberal Democrat pressure and involvement from my colleagues Simon Hughes, the Justice Minister, and Julian Huppert, the Lib Dem Home Office spokesman in the Commons and a former board member of Liberty.

    It is clear that a balance must be struck between protecting civil liberties on the one hand and ensuring the safety of society on the other. Ultimately, I believe that our security forces must have certain powers at their disposal to counter domestic and international threats. However, there must be limits to such powers and the key factors here are regulation and transparency. That is why I am pleased that there are a number of checks and balances included in the DRIP Bill that will ensure tighter control over data retention and increased transparency.

    One of the main reasons why the European Court of Justice (ECJ) struck down the Data Retention Directive was because it contained no adequate safeguards. When we implemented the Directive, we embedded it in to a set of pre-existing laws, which already included a range of safeguards, and ensured that access to stored data had to be necessary, proportionate and for defined purposes. This framework complied with the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) and we had already applied many of the safeguards that the ECJ was calling for.

    The government’s proposals introduce further safeguards on top of this, the most significant of which is that the legislation is time-limited. It is to expire at the end of 2016 and at this point would need further approval by Parliament to continue.

    Liberal Democrats in government have also secured a further package of checks and balances, including the establishment of a Privacy and Civil Liberties Oversight Board, further reform of the Intelligence and Security Committee, compulsory annual transparency reports and the restriction of the number of public bodies (such as councils) that are able to approach phone and internet companies for communications data. In addition, the Independent Reviewer of Terrorism Legislation is to carry out a review of our communications data and interception laws as part of the proposals. I believe that these are all important reforms in order to ensure that the government, or indeed any other body, cannot and does not disproportionately infringe on people’s privacy.

    In response to the ECJ ruling, we included a range of measures in the technical regulations that accompany the Bill. These include oversight of data storage by the Information Commissioner, and a more flexible system that will allow for shorter retention periods than 12 months where appropriate. We are confident that these changes will mean that our data retention laws will be compliant with the court ruling and with the European Convention on Human Rights.

    The Liberal Democrats and I care passionately about civil liberties, privacy and the need to limit abusive state surveillance. Since entering government we have resisted, and will continue to resist, anything that might give rise to a “Snooper’s Charter”. While we accept that there is a need for the police and intelligence agencies to have the tools to do their job, we must of course ensure that these tools are very carefully controlled, appropriately used and proportionate to the threat faced. It is a balance.

    Many people have questioned the need for such reforms so promptly. It is true that the UK is not in a state of national emergency but that is not what this legislation is about. Emergency legislation means that the Bill is being brought through on an accelerated timetable, in this case because if we did not act now, internet and phone companies would imminently start deleting data and refusing to service interception warrants. This in effect would harm the ability of our security services to bring criminals to justice and keep us safe.

    I am proud of the Liberal Democrats record in government and, unlike previous administrations, we have done much to support and defend civil liberties. We have scrapped ID cards, ended 28-day detention without charge, curtailed stop and search powers, ended routine child detention for immigration purposes, reformed the libel laws to protect free speech, and much more. If it was down to us we would have made even more progress but these measures, and in this case the several safeguards included in the DRIP Bill, would simply not have happened without us in government.

    I hope that you have found this response useful. Please do not hesitate to contact me if I can be of further assistance on this matter, or any other.

    Yours sincerely,

    Stephen

    Stephen Williams | MP for Bristol West

  • DRIP: I write to my MP

    This week the British government, with the collusion of the so-called opposition, will be attempting to railroad the Data Retention and Investigatory Powers Bill (DRIP) through Parliament as emergency legislation. This is deeply illiberal legislation and I’ve written about it this morning to my MP, Stephen Williams.

    My email is reproduced below.

    Dear Mr Williams

    I am writing to you as your constituent to express my deep concerns about the Data Retention and Investigatory Powers (DRIP) Bill due to be rushed through both Houses of Parliament this week.

    Firstly, it is my understanding that the government is describing it as emergency legislation. This is a misnomer: there is no emergency at least as far as the alleged terrorist threat is concerned; according to the MI5 website (https://www.mi5.gov.uk/home/the-threats/terrorism/threat-levels.html#history), the terrorism threat level has remained the same for the last 4 years! In the light of that information, 4 years seems like a tardy response to a so-called emergency. Any legislation – including alleged emergency legislation needs proper scrutiny by MPs, peers and civil society. It would appear that the UK has learned nothing from the idiocies that came in the wake of earlier ’emergency’ legislation, such as the Official Secrets Act of 1911, which dogged the rest of the 20th century.

    Secondly, the European Court of Justice recently ruled blanket data retention – as implemented by the European Data Retention Directive and the respective domestic legislation enacted as a consequence thereof – incompatible with human rights legislation. Any new legislation should comply with that judgement. DRIP is just an attempt by the UK government to sidestep that ruling. If enacted, I fully foresee civil society groups fighting DRIP all the way through the UK courts and all the way up to the ECJ. Furthermore, the latter ruling against DRIP would have the unintended consequence of giving the UK’s large tribe of Eurosceptics and Europhobes yet more ammunition to stir up anti-European sentiment.

    Thirdly, the UK has an obligation to comply with the European Convention on Human Rights, of which it is a signatory and which the UK we should uphold as an example internationally, particularly as the UK was a prime mover for its initial drafting.

    Fourthly, I understand that the Prime Minister has promised a review of RIPA as a concession to get MPs to approve the legislation; this is an inadequate sop to the back benches and as such should be rejected.

    Finally, I would like to mention the fact that I am nearly 60 years old. In all that time I have never been convicted of any criminal act, arrested or detained by the police, i.e. I’m of previous good character. Blanket surveillance of the communications of the entire UK population makes them every single member of the population a suspect: it throws doubt on their previous good characters. Blanket communications surveillance has not failed to stop foolish young people disappearing off to the Middle East as jihadists; it has to the best of my knowledge likewise failed to stop some serious crimes being committed. If the police and/or security services wish to search my home, they need a warrant. They should require the same to interfere with my communications.

    I trust you will look seriously upon my concerns.

    Yours sincerely
    Steve Woods

    I would urge you to contact your MP today on DRIP. You can find his/her identity (if unknown) via the excellent WriteToThem. In addition, the Open Rights Group provides some excellent guidance for your letter.

    DRIP is a most appropriate acronym. It’s the sound made by falling water: falling water causes erosion and this Bill seriously erodes civil liberties, as well as showing utter contempt for the European Court of Justice.

    Meanwhile Paul Bernal calls the government’s course of action a “shabby process for a shady law“.

    Quite.

  • Fortune and cowsay get egalitarian

    Fortune is a simple program that displays a pseudo-random message from a database of quotations that first appeared in Version 7 of Unix and runs on the command line on Unix-like systems.

    Cowsay is another simple program running on the command line which generates ASCII pictures of a cow with a message.

    I have used fortune and cowsay in the past to demonstrate the use of a pipe | which feeds the output of one program and uses it as the input for the next program.

    Today running fortune | cowsay yielded the message in the image below.

    cowsay showing output reading equal bytes for women

    The message is most apposite as half the human race is under-represented in IT and other technical fields.

    In March this year The Guardian reported as follows:

    In 2005, women made up 24% of computer science students. By 2010, that figure had dropped to 19%, according to the Higher Education Statistics Agency. A 2012 report from Creative Skillset found that only 29% of the interactive media industry in the UK is female, and the majority hold positions in art and design and communications rather than engineering.

    The Guardian’s report concluded that

    There is a long way to go before there is parity between the genders in the technology industry. But every baby step made has a tiny effect on the representational content of the diverse audience that uses software and hardware. Developers are known to develop solutions for themselves.

  • EU Commission locked into Microsoft

    EU flag with MS Windows logo inside circle of starsThe European Commission has recently renewed its commitment to a proprietary desktop and secret file formats, the Free Software Foundation Europe (FSFE) writes. The Commission is refusing to make a serious effort to break free from vendor lock-in and is ignoring all available alternatives. In doing so, the EU’s civil service fails to practice what it preaches.

    In April, the Commission signed two contracts with Microsoft: firstly, an agreement for “high-level services” worth €44 million and secondly a framework agreement on software licensing conditions. The actual licences are provided by Hewlett-Packard under a separate contract from 2012 that itself is worth €50 million. The contracts cover the Commission itself and 54 other EU organisations.

    “We are extremely disappointed about the lack of progress here,” says FSFE president Karsten Gerloff. “The Commission has not even looked for viable alternatives. Its lazy approach to software procurement leaves the Commission open to allegations of inertia and worse.”

    The Commission recently admitted publicly for the first time (PDF) that it is in “effective captivity” to Microsoft. Documents obtained by the FSFE reveal that the Commission has made no serious effort to find solutions based on open standards. As a consequence, a large part of Europe’s IT sector is essentially prevented from doing business with the Commission.

    In a strategy paper (PDF) which the Commission released in response to official questions from Amelia Andersdotter MEP, the EC lays out a three-track approach for its office automation platform for the coming years. This strategy will only deepen the Commission’s reliance on closed proprietary file formats and programs.

    “The Commission should be setting a positive example for public administrations across Europe,” comments FSFE’s Gerloff. “Instead, it shirks its responsibility as a public administrations, and simply claims that such alternatives don’t exist. Even the most basic market analysis would have told the Commission that there’s a vibrant free software industry in Europe that it could have relied on.”

    Many public sector organisations in Europe are successfully using free software and implementing open standards. Examples include the German city of Munich with its internationally recognised Limux project and (believe it or not! Ed.) the UK government, which has made great strides in using free software and open standards to obtain better value for money in IT procurement.

    However, the FSFE says it will continue to work with the Commission in spite of this setback and will help it to improve its software the way it buys software, such as by relying on specifications and standards rather than brand names, by using open invitations to tender instead of talking to a single vendor and by incorporating future exit costs into the price of any new solution. These practices are fast becoming the norm across Europe’s public sector. The EC should practice what it preaches and adopt these practices for its own IT procurement.

    This post originally appeared on Bristol Wireless.

  • Bristol open data initiative launched

    open data stickersBristol City Council is working with the Future Cities Catapult and the Connected Digital Economy Catapult on a new open data initiative that will help Bristolians improve their city with the help of local authority data.

    The partners are working together to release Bristol civic data sets such as traffic management and land use databases to citizens. The collaboration will support developers to use the data to create new products and services to improve how the city of Bristol works, making it easier to get around, reduce waste, save energy or improve the city’s air quality.

    Once the data sets are made available online in late summer, citizens and businesses will be invited to explore around one hundred data sets, supported by a series of Catapult-run events and competitions. Bristolians will be supported in testing, prototyping and commercialising their ideas.

    Following a successful initial data release, the Catapults and the Council will then create a schedule to release further useful city data sets in consultation with the developer community. The programme’s outcomes will be shared with local authorities, developers and organisations in other UK cities to spread the benefits to the citizens of other cities.

    This post originally appeared on Bristol Wireless.

  • LibreUmbria@Scuola nominated for Egov 2014 prize

    News arrived via my inbox this morning that LibreUmbria‘s programme in schools (LibreUmbria@Scuola), which took place in recent months in collaboration with Perugia’s third teaching district (posts passim), has been nominated for this year’s Egov Prize. LibreUmbria is the project that is promoting the use of free and open source software amongst public sector organisations in Italy’s Umbria region.

    Egov Prize logo

    The basic idea behind the Egov Prize has always been the fusion and sharing of good practice which other public sector organisations can use as an example and from which they can benefit. This will be the 10th year the prize will have been awarded.

    LibreUmbria@Scuola aims to raise awareness and promote the use of free software in schools, from the primary level upwards by training parents and teachers who will in turn train others by acting as mentors.

    The LibreUmbria@Scuola project has been implemented in arranging free seminars at schools for parents and teachers, on digital culture topics (the relationship between boys and technology, shared knowledge and free software, security, use of social media, cyberbullying). In addition to the seminars, computer courses in using the LibreOffice productivity suite running on Ubuntu Linux were also provided.

  • Almost 1 in 5 sites blocked by UK nanny filters

    ORG logoThe Open Rights Group’s Blocked Project has revealed that nearly 20% of websites are blocked by web filters implemented by UK ISPs.

    Those affected involve Porsche broker’s website and a political blogger/mum hoping to read an article about post pregnancy care, yet they still get blocked by filters ostensibly designed to protect young people from adult content (which apparently includes talking about alcohol, smoking, anorexia and hate speech. Ed.), indicating that ISPs are acting as censors and arbiters of what is acceptable content for their subscribers.

    The extent of excessive blocking has been revealed by the Open Rights Group’s Blocked project, which is documenting the impact of filters. Web users can use a free checking tool where they can instantly check to see if a website has been blocked by filters. So far, the Open Rights Group has tested over 100,000 sites and found that over 19,000 are blocked by one ISP or another.

    One of the blocked sites is the political blog, Guido Fawkes. It’s being blocked by ISP TalkTalk, which puts the latter on a par with the not exactly democratic government of the People’s Republic of China.

    ISPs have also been criticised for the lack of information about how to get sites unblocked. Mum-of-one Marielle, said she was “humiliated” when she visited a shop run by mobile operator Three to find out how she could enable access to an article about post-partum care on her phone: “The manager told me that I couldn’t access filtered articles without entering a 4 digit PIN every time I wanted to read a filtered article because I had a PAYG plan” Marielle submitted a report to Three saying that the article had been incorrectly blocked, but didn’t get a response.

    Other sites that have been incorrectly blocked by filters include:

    www.sherights.com – this feminist rights blog was blocked by TalkTalk in April 2014. Its Editor-in-Chief says that as advertising revenue is generated by the number of site visitors and that being blocked, “directly impacts our bottom line. But, more than that, we are concerned with the message that blocking our site sends: that pro-woman, pro-equality, pro-human rights subject matter is somehow offensive, inappropriate or otherwise problematic.”

    www.philipraby.co.uk – Philip Raby, who sells and services Porsches, only found out that his website was blocked by O2 when one of his customers told him. Philip says that it’s difficult to measure the financial impact of being blocked but, “we must have lost some business and, of course, it doesn’t look great telling people the site is not suitable for under 18s!”

    Jim Killock, Executive Director of the Open Rights Group stated: “Through the Blocked project we wanted to find out about the impact of web filters. Already, our reports are showing that almost 1 in 5 websites tested are blocked, and that the problem of overblocking seems much bigger than we thought. Different ISPs are blocking different sites and the result is that many people, from businesses to bloggers, are being affected because people can’t access their websites.”

    The original impetus for the introduction of filters came from Claire Perry, the Conservative MP for Devizes, a vociferous campaigner for protecting children from adult material. However, she should have been careful what she wished for, as her own website (which features many references to pr0n. Ed.) has also fallen victim to the ISPs’ filters.

  • GNU licences now adapted to Swiss legal language

    According to www.opensource.ch, reading the original text of open source licences is very challenging. Swiss IT legal specialist Wolfgang Straub has made a new translation into German of three major open source licences, the GNU GPL, GNU LGPL and GNU Affero GPL and aligned them with Swiss legal language. In addition, he is also providing an introduction to the law on open source licences and various checklists for download free of charge at www.opensource.ch.

    The licences of the Free Software Foundation (FSF) have been amongst the most frequently used open source licences for many years. In 2007 the FSF published version 3 of the GNU General Public License (GPL), the GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) and the GNU Affero General Public License (AGPL). The Berne-based IT legal specialist Wolfgang Straub has now made a new translation of the text of these three licences.

    Linguistically, the initial German translations of the GNU GPL and the GNU LGPL by Peter Gerwinski are based as closely as possible on the original English text. They are based upon German legal language. Wolfgang Straub has made a new translation of the licences and adapted them to Swiss legal language. The wording and presentation are aimed at the best possible comprehensibility. The new translations are published under the Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 licence and are available for download free of charge at the Swiss Open Source Portal www.opensource.ch as PDF and ODF files.

    Wolfgang Straub is the author of several publications on Swiss information technology law. He is also the author of the book “Softwareschutz – Urheberrecht, Patentrecht, Open Source” (Software Protection – Copyright, Patent Law, Open Source) published by Dike Verlag in 2011. The chapter on open source software is now available free of charge for download (PDF). It contains a systematic overview of legal matters concerning open source licences, a bibliography and various checklists for practical use.

  • LibreOffice 4.2.5 released

    The release of LibreOffice 4.2.5, codenamed “Fresh”, has been announced by The Document Foundation. This is the fifth minor release of this free and open source office suite. However, for more conservative users, The Document Foundation suggests they continue using LibreOffice 4.1.6 “Stable”.

    image of LibreOffice Mime type icons
    LibreOffice for all your office suite needs: word processing, spreadsheets, presentations, database, drawing and formulas

    More than 800 contributors have helped develop both LibreOffice 4.2.5 and LibreOffice 4.1.6 since the launch of the LibreOffice project in September 2010. “This is a wonderful
    achievement”, said Thorsten Behrens, Chairman of The Document Foundation. “We have managed to attract at least three new contributors per month for 46 months in a row, with an average of more than 200 new contributors per year.”

    A total of 150 bugs have been fixed in the latest release. Details are available for bugs fixed in both release candidates, RC1 and RC2.

    LibreOffice 4.2.5 and LibreOffice 4.1.6 are both available for download. In addition, extensions and templates to complement the installation of the software and to add specific features are available at http://extensions.libreoffice.org/.

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